You have to name them different things:
has_many :created_case_studies, CaseStudy, foreign_key: :created_by_id
has_many :updated_case_studies, CaseStudy, foreign_key: :updated_by_id
You have to name them different things:
has_many :created_case_studies, CaseStudy, foreign_key: :created_by_id
has_many :updated_case_studies, CaseStudy, foreign_key: :updated_by_id