The obvious answer is that yes, you can port the lexers as long as you port the Python code to Elixir.
The practical answer is: Yes, but you have to rewrite the weird Pygments’ state-machines into a grammar for a PEG parser (which is way simpler than the original state-machines.
The crazy answer is that tah Pygments lexers are somewhat data-driven, if you squint a little (a lot), so it’s probably possible to write a Python program that compiles most of the Lexers into Elixir. Writing such program would be highly non-trivial, and my library is technically superior (and more powerful) than Pygments in a fundamental way, so I think that it’s better to just port the lexers.
I’d like to write a guide on how to write the lexers and crowdsource it to the polyglot members of the Elixir community, but I have no time for that now…
