Install elixir from source on Travis-ci

Here’s an updated example for anyone coming to this later (I had to remove any environment variables that depend on another environment variable):

language: erlang

otp_release:
  - '21.2'

env:
  EX_HOME: ${TRAVIS_BUILD_DIR}/elixir
  EX_BIN: ${TRAVIS_BUILD_DIR}/elixir/bin
  EX_VSN: 1.7.1

before_script:
  - git clone https://github.com/elixir-lang/elixir.git ${EX_HOME}
  - pushd ${EX_HOME}
  - git checkout v${EX_VSN}
  - make
  - popd
  - ${EX_BIN}/elixir ${EX_BIN}/mix local.hex --force
  - ${EX_BIN}/elixir ${EX_BIN}/mix local.rebar --force

script:
  - ${EX_BIN}/elixir ${EX_BIN}/mix deps.get
  - MIX_ENV=test ${EX_BIN}/elixir ${EX_BIN}/mix deps.compile
  - ${EX_BIN}/elixir ${EX_BIN}/mix test