String compare depends on upper/lower case?

JavaScript has the same behavior as well:

["a", "b", "X"].sort();          // ["X", "a", "b"]

Internally the Ascii values are being compared, which you can check in iex:

iex(15)> 'X'
[88]
iex(16)> 'a'
[97]
iex(17)> 'x'
[120]

So, always convert to lowercase before comparing, to avoid running into edge cases.

For instance, see UpperCase win:

iex(22)> ["derpycoder", "Derpycoder", "DerpyCoder"] |> Enum.sort()
["DerpyCoder", "Derpycoder", "derpycoder"]

See the answer by @sbuttgereit.