Using Docker to container Phoenix does not persist the dependencies

ADD ./src . is actually fine, if you use ADD ./src/mix.exs ./src/mix.lock ./ before.

Anyways, you brought me on the right track! My problem were the

  volumes:
    - ./src:/opt/app

lines in the docker-compose.yml file. The Dockerfile was fine, but the dependencies got deleted everytime I brought the container up with docker-compose. Now I only have to find a way to be able to edit the code outside of the container, without deleting my dependencies.

Thank you very much for pointing me in the right direction!